An investigation of language attrition among bilingual Nigerian migrants in diaspora communities
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Background of the Study
Language attrition refers to the gradual loss of proficiency in a language over time, often due to reduced exposure or use. Among bilingual Nigerian migrants in diaspora communities, attrition of the native language is a growing concern as the dominant language of the host country increasingly influences daily communication. This phenomenon is particularly evident in communities where second-generation migrants adopt the language of their new environment while gradually losing fluency in their heritage language (Nnamdi, 2023). Factors such as limited community support, educational policies, and social integration challenges contribute to this attrition process. Migrants face a dilemma between maintaining cultural identity through their native language and assimilating into the dominant culture by using a new language (Okonkwo, 2024). The resulting language imbalance can affect intergenerational communication, cultural preservation, and self-identity. This study investigates the causes, patterns, and consequences of language attrition among Nigerian migrants, aiming to identify key factors that accelerate language loss and to propose interventions that support bilingual retention and cultural continuity (Ifedayo, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Language attrition among Nigerian migrants in diaspora communities poses a significant threat to cultural identity and bilingual competence. As migrants increasingly adopt the language of the host country, the proficiency and use of indigenous Nigerian languages decline (Nnamdi, 2023). This attrition affects not only the migrants’ ability to communicate with older generations but also diminishes the cultural heritage passed on to younger members (Okonkwo, 2024). Educational and community support systems are often insufficient to counterbalance the dominant language’s influence, leaving a gap in efforts to maintain native language skills. This study seeks to identify the key factors contributing to language attrition and to develop strategies that mitigate its effects, ensuring that bilingual proficiency and cultural ties are preserved (Ifedayo, 2025).
Objectives of the Study:
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To investigate the extent of language attrition among Nigerian migrants.
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To identify factors contributing to the decline in native language proficiency.
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To propose strategies for supporting bilingual language retention in diaspora communities.
Research Questions:
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What are the prevalent patterns of language attrition among Nigerian migrants?
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Which socio-cultural factors most strongly influence language loss?
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What interventions can effectively support native language maintenance?
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it sheds light on the challenges of language attrition among Nigerian migrants in diaspora communities. Its findings will provide valuable insights for educators, community leaders, and policymakers seeking to preserve bilingual proficiency and cultural heritage. The research aims to foster strategies that maintain native language skills alongside the dominant language, thereby supporting cultural continuity and effective communication (Nnamdi, 2023; Okonkwo, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
The study is limited to investigating language attrition among bilingual Nigerian migrants in diaspora communities.
Definitions of Terms:
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Language attrition: The gradual loss of proficiency in a language due to reduced use.
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Diaspora communities: Groups of people who have migrated from their original country and live abroad.
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Bilingual migrants: Individuals who use two languages, typically their native language and the language of the host country.
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